Baikuntha Dhakal presents a report of contribution of late Rupa Subba followed by a conversation between Jeetan and late Subba. In the second half you can listen to Dr. Govind Raj Bhattarai and Dr. Tulsi Bhattarai.
नेपालको एउटा कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (नेकपा-एमाले) का अध्यक्ष्य झलनाथ खनालले बुधबारको शरणार्थी टोलीसँगको भेटघाटमा निर्वासनमा रहेका सबै भूटानीले देशफिर्ती र प्रजातन्त्र वहालीका लागि पहिलेझैं संघर्ष जारी राख्नुपर्नेमा जोड दिँदै आफ्नो तर्फबाट हरसम्भव सहयोग गर्ने बताएका छन्।
भूटानीहरूले गर्ने यस्ता शान्तिपूर्ण अभियानहरूमा नेपाली जनताले सधैं साथ दिने पनि अध्यक्ष खनालले बताए।
‘नेकपा-एमाले भूटानमा प्रजातन्त्र वहालीको लागि गरिने संघर्षमा सदैव सहयोगी रहँदै आएको छ र रहनेछ’, अध्यक्ष खनालले आफ्नै निवासमा आयोजित ड्रूक नेशनल कंग्रेसको एउटा प्रतिनिधि टोलीसँको छलफलमा भने। छलफलको अवसरमा ड्रूक नेशनल कंग्रेसका अध्यक्ष रोङथोङ क्युनलेले भूटानी आन्दोलनका निम्ति काठमाडौंमा एउटा कार्यालय खोल्ने र त्यहाँबाट पत्रिका प्रकाशन गर्नेतर्फ नेपाल सरकारबाट सहयोगको अपेक्षा राखेको बताए। अध्यक्ष खनालले सम्भव भएसम्म भूटानी नेताहरूको संरक्षणमा सबै किसिमको सहयोग दिने आश्वासन दिएका छन्।
Jamyang asked me this whilst closing his umbrella, then proceeding to the police head quarter.
“No, not yet,” I replied. I knew Jamyang through a few encounters. For the first time I saw him in Thimphu.
One of my brothers, Hem was studying in Khaling. Once Hem came to Thimphu with his class mates during their educational tour and stayed with me. I was showing him around the campus when an officer drove near to us, stopped his car and asked us if we knew anyone from Khaling School. Hem started talking to him. The man was Jamyang. He had his nephew in Khaling School and wanted to send gifts as well as money to him. Hem agreed to help him and as a token, Jamyang gave us some cheese pieces and some ngultrums (currency). We considered him a generous person.
Months later I met him in a school auditorium, when he came to watch a drama, “King Gesar of Ling”. I was one of the door keepers. He arrived late and was without a seat. Feeling pity on the good man I got him a chair. This was my second encounter with him.
I again met him at the police headquarters in Thimphu. He was also there to obtain a No Objection Certificate (NOC), in his case for his relative. We exchanged formal greetings and he asked me if I had received my NOC. I told him it was ready on the officer’s table. He was pleased to hear my response however he had to wait a further two days. During that period I was in the police office. An NOC is a document provided by the department of police only to those who, and whose family members, had never been found to have said something that the king or the government had disliked. It proved innocence as well as loyalty of a family to the throne. It was mandatory to possess it in order to receive benefits as a rightful citizen.
I requested the NOC for an interview. My NOC was ready some time ago however they had delayed it with a question. I would stand at the end of the queue for the NOC, when my turn came and the officer asked me to wait. I was again made to join the end of the queue. Every time my turn came, I was asked to wait for some more time. Finally, I took the corner for my place and frequently requested for my NOC. Time changed, days changed and people changed, their ways of interrogation changed but neither did they change their one question, nor did I change my answer. The only fault they could find was my second name matching a leader’s surname. The authorities wanted to know my relationship with Tek Nath Rizal, a prominent figure they had in their net.
In two days, Jamyang got the NOC. He talked to the officer about me and in return taught me an affirmative answer to their question and left.
Some familiar and many unfamiliar people came to the office. As some received their documents while others didn’t, I could see the happiness and desperation dividing my school friends and country fellows.
That week, I experienced awful rain in Thimphu. From morning till evening I had to stay in the police office expecting them to give me NOC, which was ready on their table. After the office closed I had to walk the flooded streets searching for hosts to host me free for one more night.
I was eventually given the NOC on the day of the interview. It was too late for the purpose. By being a nomadic guest for about a month, I had demonstrated my parasitism to all the people I knew who were from my village and others who were not from my village. They had hosted me several times and I could not force myself to gatecrash any more. I decided to return to Gayglegphug which took two days to reach.
Two days after receiving NOC I was back in my village heading towards my home from a bus stop when a storm began to welcome me treacherously. My umbrella was a weak shield against torrential rain. I took the shelter at a local school, which had been closed for a year. Rain came with such a force as if to move the school building from its location. The corridor was too narrow to shed the downpour that went directionless like the wind. The only place I could squeeze myself into was a narrow corner between the closed door and the thick wall. Unlike in Thimphu, the lightning and thunder in Gayglegphug are wild.
After hours of waiting, the rain became less forceful but did not stop. I removed my shoes, carried them over a heavy back- packed bag, covered with an umbrella and walked towards home. Aiming to avoid attention from people in their houses I walked faster through those country paths. In other places I walked slower in order to reach home later. I wanted to reach home later to hide my defeat of receiving my NOC late. Rain still continued, followed by a bitterly cold wind.
When I reached the place where my house used to be, an incredible apparition of nothingness blurred my vision. To my unpleasant surprise, there was no house and not even a sign of a house in the place where it had once stood. In the areas where the beds, kitchen and ovens used to be, there were tall broom grasses growing, freshly planted. Then, I realized, my parents were no longer in the country, and proof that a house had existed was erased completely.
………………………………………………..
“Do you have some ropes?” asked Dhimal Dai.
“I am not sure; I will have to ask my parents”, I replied.
“Look around and give me some if you have”, he insisted.
“Look around and just take it”, I replied.
Dhimal Dai, a good neighbour in the newly established asylum seekers’ camp in Beldangi in Nepal, wanted a string to tie his flapping plastic sheet strapped between two bamboo woven nets that gave him a roof.
I did not know where the items were kept in my hut. I was a chronic guest in my hut. I had a bed and a book rack made from bamboo, and a few books and papers. My mother would cook and serve me. Sisters arranged my clothes and hung them besides my bed. My sanctum in the prized hut was made up of bamboo walls, plastered with soil and newspaper pasted on top of it. We lived in a matrix of tiny, beautiful huts. They looked like freshly painted huts on grey soil background with a few tall trees. The slums were panoramic to see but were not so pleasant to live.
Rizal writes his 'untold story'. Photo/Shanta Rizal
No sooner had the above conversation ended, when my parents came home running, breathing louder than athletes after a marathon. It was an afternoon in early September 1993, when a storm began to hover over the bamboo huts. In times of storms, the people did not evacuate as they never had a safer place in the neighborhood to resort to. My parents took out a coil of string and began tying the ends of the roofs to bamboo poles and to stones on the ground. The children were outside running wild, their guardians running closely behind. The clouds grew dark and swirled. It was eerie to see kids playing outdoors. It was an opportunity for them to take a satisfying bath in the natural shower.
The storm soon became worse and the loosely tied roofs began to seek freedom from their places due to the increasing wind. People struggled to hold the roofs from being blown away by the wind. Lightning began to throw flashes and flames. If it had not been for the lightning, the afternoon was as dark as night. The wind and rain disturbed all forms of hearings. The plastic roofs amplified the rain’s beating and the wind’s howling. Within minutes, roofs were taken away; floods began from inside of the huts. Narrow spaces between the huts were filled with twigs and leaves from the trees; bamboo sticks from roofs and the walls. Although a few huts could retain their roofs, most of them had been blown away.
After about two hours the world was different. Cloud was gone, blue sky looked down sympathetically, and the sun peeped from the distant west. Birds were back on the trees and there were pools of water on the ground. People began to remake their disturbed roofs. I wanted to explore the true might of the catastrophe. Shoes were useless, we had no boots and slippers would not accompany our feet for the second step through the muddy soil.
Jewan, a relative accompanied me. We decided to travel with our bare feet to see the destruction. We walked across the camps.
“A complete devastation”.
To rebuilt huts, most of the owners had to restart foundations. There was nothing we could do. We talked with people, whosoever we met, on the range of destruction. Half way through the camp, we had to cross a small canal. There was a short bamboo bridge to cross it. When we were on one side of the bridge, ready to step on it, a big branch fell down from a tree and hit the bridge. We were saved by seconds- a narrow escape. We returned to our respective huts. Father had repaired the roofs to his best ability. There were papers scattered everywhere.
“Check if the papers on the floor are important”, father told me.
I found newspaper cuttings, which I had conserved as important, scattered all over the flooded floor.
There was a thin clean paper floating on the muddy water, it was my NOC.
———————————– The first and unique of its kind, the column “Untold Story” will continue to carry stories of suppression we had faced back home in Bhutan. It might sometimes look fiction in nature but they are real stories. BNS encourages you to contribute your “untold story” about the suppression you or anyone in your family/neighborhood faced. Anything such as physical or mental torture, imprisonment, rape, harassment, among others will become an untold story. We also kindly request you to contribute related photographs, if possible. If you are confused whether or not your story is an untold story, always feel free to correspond with us prior you start writing it. Please remember that it has to be a real story, not a fiction. We highly encourage you not to exaggerate anything but remain focused on the real happenings while writing untold story.
नेपालस्थित अमेरिकी दूतावासले यो साता नेपालबाट अमेरिका प्रस्थान गर्ने भूटानी शरणार्थीहरूको संख्या ३० हजार पुग्ने जनाएको छ । यसका साथै कुनै पनि देशमा पुनर्स्थापित हुने भूटानी शरणार्थीहरूको संख्या ३५ हजार पुग्ने दूतावासको जन सरोकार कार्यालयद्वारा प्रेषित विज्ञप्तिमा जनाइएको छ ।
सो विज्ञप्तिमा भनिएको छ-“हाम्रा साझेदारहरूसँग मिलेर हामीले यी व्यक्तिहरूका दुर्भाग्यपूर्ण तथा प्रायः दुःखदायी अवस्थालाई आशापूर्ण अवस्थामा परिणत गर्न सहयोग पुर्याउन पाएकोमा हामी सन्तुष्ट छौं ।”
अमेरिकाले युएनएचसीआर, आइओएम र अष्ट्रेलिया, क्यानाडा, नेदरल्याण्ड्स, डेनमार्क, नर्वे, न्युजील्याण्ड र बेलायत सम्मिलित संयुक्त समूहसँगको सहकार्यमा सन् २००८ को शुरुदेखि भूटानी शरणार्थीहरूको पुनर्स्थापना शुरु गरेको हो ।
युएनएच्सीआरले सिफारिश गरेका र शरणार्थी ग्रहणसम्बन्धी अमेरिकी कानूनका आवश्यकताहरू पूरा गर्ने नेपालभित्र रहेका जति पनि भूटानी शरणार्थीहरूलाई अमेरिकाले स्वीकार्ने प्रतिबद्धता लिएको छ ।
Chairman of CPN-UML, Jhala Nath Khanal, on Wednesday opined that exiled Bhutanese should try to fight for their repatriation and democracy through peaceful means as before.
He also said that Nepali people would always be ready to support such activities.
The Bhutanese delegation with UML Chairman Khanal
“UML has always been supporting democratic struggle in Bhutan and would remain so in the upcoming days,” Khanal told a delegation of Druk Nation Congress (DNC) at his residence this afternoon.
During the meeting, DNC President Rongthong Kunley Dorji told Khanal that they have expected possible supports from the government of Nepal to operate a joint office in Kathamndu and run some news bulletins.
In response Khanal said, “UML will always support your peaceful movement to go home,” adding, “I will discuss the matter with leaders of other parties to see what kind of supports would be offered to you.”
“I will discuss with other parties and government regarding the kind of support that we can extend to your struggle,” he added.
He also said the UML-led government has provided logistic support to leader Tek Nath Rizal. “We will discuss about similar supports to other leaders as well,” Khanal added.
Sometime this week the number of Bhutanese refugees who have departed Nepal for the United States will reach 30,000. At about the same time, the number of this group to be resettled in any country will reach 35,000.
In a press statement issued by the US Embassy in Kathmandu, it said these two milestones come during the on-going large scale resettlement of Bhutanese refugees to several countries around the world. “We are gratified, together with our partners, to be able to help turn an unfortunate and often painful situation into something more hopeful for these people – America’s newest residents, whom we welcome with open arms and hearts,” said U.S. Ambassador to Nepal Scott H. DeLisi. The United States, working with UNHCR, IOM and the other members of the Core Group (Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, New Zealand and the UK) began resettling Bhutanese refugees in early 2008.
The United States accepts some 75,000 refugees from around the world each year. The Bhutanese resettlement program is currently the third-largest resettlement operation for the United States. Bhutanese refugees have been resettled in all 50 States and receive support from U.S. federal and state governments as well as non-governmental organizations.
The statement further said that the U.S. is committed to accepting as many of the Bhutanese whom UNHCR refers to them for consideration in Nepal and who meet the requirements of U.S. law for refugee admission.
According to the statement, the U.S. continues to urge the Government of Bhutan to accept the return of those persons who are eligible and wish to do so as another important component of finding durable solutions for all Bhutanese refugees in Nepal.
Ichha Poudel from Australia present Saranarthi Biwso followed by a conversation with TB Gurung, Camp Secretary of Bel-I, and Rohit Pokhrel in Norway. In the second part, you can listen to Tilak Niraula of Goldhap camp.
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Japan are extending a $3 million grant to Bhutan to rebuild damaged schools using earthquake-resilient materials and designs which could potentially be replicated around the country.
The grant from the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction for the Upgrading Schools and Integrated Disaster Education Project will be used to reconstruct four primary schools which were severely damaged in a devastating earthquake that struck the country in September 2009. Funds will also be used to train district engineers in earthquake-resilient building design and construction quality management, and to teach disaster risk management skills to community members.
“By introducing a seismic resistant structural design into the Ministry of Education’s standard school design, the project will enable the Government to easily replicate it when building other schools,” said Makiko Watanabe, Rural Development Specialist in ADB’s South Asia Department
Bhutan lies in one of the most seismically active zones in the world and the 2009 earthquake was the most damaging natural disaster the country has experienced in recent times, with 12 people killed and thousands left without proper shelter. Among the worst hit areas were the districts of Mongar and Trashigang, two of the most remote and impoverished areas in the country. The Government of Bhutan and development partners provided swift assistance in the immediate aftermath of the calamity but without longer term support, including the rebuilding of damaged schools and other public facilities, there are concerns that already poor communities will be plunged even deeper into poverty.
The project is taking a ‘build back better’ approach which will see the four target schools restored using earthquake-resilient materials and design. Where possible, local materials will be sourced while private contractors doing the construction work will be encouraged to hire members of the affected communities, including women. Participating community members will also be taught earthquake resilient construction techniques that could potentially be applied to communal buildings or their own homes. Disaster risk management skills will be taught to district government officials and teachers and school administrators, who will in turn provide community training aimed at increasing awareness and ensuring effective responses to calamities.
“By providing disaster risk management training, communities will be prepared to proactively cope with future disasters,” Ms. Watanabe said.
The project is expected to benefit about 880 students and teachers at the affected schools and around 9,000 residents of neighboring communities.
Along with the ADB-administered grant, the Government of Bhutan will make an in-kind contribution of almost $824,000 with target communities providing $14,400 in-kind, for an overall investment cost of almost $3.84 million. The Ministry of Education is the executing agency for the project which is expected to be completed by August 2013.
Bhutanese refugees, who had been forcefully evicted by Bhutan and after languishing in the UNHCR-supported seven camps in Eastern Nepal, are beginning to see light at the end of the tunnel as they are being settled by the core group of countries comprising of the USA, Canada, Australia, Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. It is highly admirable that donors have responded to their needs with a right-based approach to providing services. The refugees are tremendously thankful to the UNHCR that took the lead in resettling them and the core group countries that worked together to host them in their respective countries. The bulk of the responsibility and initiative has been taken by the USA, which settled over 28,000 people already by the end of June 2010. Over 32,000 people have already been resettled in the West and a large section of the refugees are expected to get resettled in the near future.
Understandably, as these large numbers of people are beginning their new life in these countries, they are facing number of settlement challenges. Some of these challenges are comparatively easy issues that will get resolved during the course of resettlement but there are others without less obvious solutions and people have to learn to find ways of coping. In my personal opinion, new immigrants in these countries have to take especial efforts in making their transition smooth and quicker by taking some initiatives, being proactive and adapting by listening to the settlement agencies, people who have settled earlier and gone through the same process and those who have good knowledge of the settlement process. The primary responsibility for adapting and settling for our Bhutanese population rests with the younger generation, who needs to take concerted efforts and patient helping elders and others who are less educated.
In this piece, I have tried to discuss some of the settlement issues and the ways they could be handled. Families have to work together and communicate with each other as the needs of settlement are different for young people as compared to the old ones, males and female needs are also different and it changes with the change in time. I would like us to believe that we need to make use of various assets that we have by working together and analyzing who can do what within the families and the communities. Many are already doing it but we need to be creative and explore what is available and what we can do.
Housing amenities
The settlement agencies in different countries have measures to look after the housing needs of new arrivals. The arriving families have to cooperate with the agencies and discuss amicable solution that is convenient to the new occupants and housing providers. Sometimes the arriving families put up conditions that do not work in the situation and it is best to ask what is available and what is possible and being realistic within available budget. The renting market in the Western countries are governed by legal provisions and it is important to seek information about what are the occupancy conditions, expectancy of tenants, the demands of the landlord and the neighborhood where the families are settling. Even if it is alright for the families, neighbors have restrictions and physical and psychological boundaries within which we are expected to live and function. As new tenants and new arrivals in these countries, we are expected to respect those laws and there are penalties if we do not abide by what is allowed in the communities. Small things like walking into neighborhoods and others property is not allowed as the privacy laws, conventions and requirements are well established.
Health and hygiene concerns
The way apartments are constructed prevent air flow easily and how you maintain health and hygiene inside the apartments affects health situations of the residents. Things like regular vacuuming rooms and walk-ways, cleaning toilets regularly and keeping them hygienic is part of the western living. The way new arrivals from developing countries cook their food is not always suitable in the way houses are built in the west. They trap air and often you will find houses with strong odor of spices and oily, fried food items. It leaves strong smell on our dress and we need to adapt our cooking style by reducing fried items and limiting the amount of spices we use in our food. Often opening windows and doors and letting in fresh air helps to drive away the smell. But in countries like Canada, it is snow-covered outside for over six months of the year and it is not possible to open windows and doors often. We need to use air-freshener and bake bread sometimes, which reduces other odor. We have to be creative and apply various measures to make our living hygienic and pleasant. There are also health issues that could emerge as a result of living in unhealthy and unclean apartments. Landlords would be reluctant to allow future occupancy if they become aware of our living style. When we go to the office and if our body and cloth smells, co-workers would not be very happy to work with us.
Need to support uneducated fellow Bhutanese
Within the arriving Bhutanese population in these countries, we have a varying range of people—some with high educational levels but many with limited literacy as well, especially our elder folks who had no opportunity of going to school. It is a big problem of communication in these countries as we need to communicate in English. We have a limited capacity in the older generation to pick up and be comfortable with the required level of communicable English in these countries. Some may pick up faster and some may be reluctant or even incapable of developing functional literacy. Other members of the community have to help them, especially the younger generation have a double burden of not only raising children but raising this cadre of elders is our responsibility. It would not help us blaming anybody but have to develop coping mechanism using all available resources within the community and developing all possible network of support outside the community. There are many people interested to volunteer, especially the retired would be happy and willing to help if they can. We need to develop mechanism to make use of this potential and communicate with each other. This is where our Bhutanese organizations can play a big role, not in talking only about politics.
Employment and skill development
The level and amount of support provided to the Bhutanese arrivals in various countries varies. In Canada, the federal government supports Government Sponsored Refugees (GAR) for one year and there is good time for developing job skills and employment preparation. In my understanding, Australia supports much longer and until you are prepared to take up employment. In both these countries there is additional support if you are able to find out about them and explore possibilities. In the USA, the support system ranges from three months in some states to eight months in others. The good part of it is that there is a settlement counselor who follows through and makes sure that people have long term job. People have to explore and see what they can do, what type of resume we need to develop, who can help in developing good resume, writing selling cover letter, networking skills, interview skills and many others. This is the hardest challenge of settlement not just in the beginning months and years but for continuously in the West. The West is a competitive and individualistic society where we have to be able to sell our skills as much as the efforts in selling goods. We need to develop skills, perform well in our jobs, develop professional qualities and show that we can perform. If we cannot prove our worth nobody would be willing to hire the new arrivals. As a big part of this process, we need to learn the culture of working well with people, getting along, following instructions and contributing in our expertise areas. It will take time but in the long run the right efforts will pay off.
Understanding the culture and etiquette
The laws and social conventions in different western countries vary when it comes to acceptance of new immigrants and the way we are expected to behave. The USA is considered a melting pot and the prime message and requirement of this message is that once you are in America you are supposed to behave like Americans and forget about your original culture. In Canada, multiculturalism is valued by law and conventionally where we are required to behave like other Canadians in some ways but we are encouraged to retain our inherited culture, language and religion. The legal system and the people actively promote multiculturalism. In Australia, it is similar but it is a bit insular country being geographically isolated. It has the conservative, old thinking into the system and the people but over the years there has been growth in tolerance and respect for multiculturalism. The younger generation in most of these countries is much more understanding and accepts people of all colors and background compared to the older generation and understandably so. Our expectation as new arrivals and future citizens of these countries is to learn the system, culture and the people as much as we can and adapt. We also face a huge challenge of retaining the culture and the language. There are varied models in this as some people have retained their language and the culture and others have lost it. It is easy to be part of the melting pot but hard to regain what is lost. So the challenge thrown to new arrivals is to think carefully what you would like to do and consult among the family members.
No more refugees
The concept of being refugees is so deeply ingrained that it makes us all feel we cannot think otherwise and people would like to call us refugees. You have to learn to fight with yourself and let others know that you were former refugees and do not want to be called as such any more. You have equal rights as any other individuals in these new countries and should learn to live that way. The feeling of psychological inferiority needs to be slowly unlearnt and you should feel that you are capable individuals. The countries that have brought you would like to give you equal status as any other individuals in these countries and should learn to behave and feel that way. We also have equal responsibilities as new citizens or going to be citizens in these countries and should be uphold that responsibility with full pride and dedication.
(Based in Canada, the author is a development professional. He can be reached at: [email protected])
At a time when the quality of Dzongkha is being questioned and discussed in every possible medium comes an opportune attempt to apprise Bhutanese of their national language.
Beginners can take a plunge into the language, starting with the alphabets illustrated in elementary pictures and interpretations.
Students can refer their Dzongkha textbook contents in a simplest elucidation. Those who need help with essays and application writing can allude to tutorials. Office-goers can stay abreast about events unfolding around them in most comprehensible Dzongkha.
In short, it is Dzongkha in its highest reader-friendly form, or so the first private Dzongkha newspaper, Druk Neytshuel, promises its readers.
As for the first issue launched and distributed free yesterday, the 24-page paper.
Apart from news updates, a well-organised section on driglam namzha, religion, economy, sports, community news and environment maintained a neat presentation on fresh topics.
The highlight was the section titled “Gup Of The Week”, an attempt to bring communities in the limelight by profiling the leaders and exposing problems prevailing in each gewog.
The free issue, which has taken on well with the readers, will come for Nu 10 starting next week.
“Compared with the Dzongkha issues of other private papers, this paper is on a different level all together,” Sangay Tenzin, a monk with the Thimphu rabdey, said. “It appears more serious than the previous ones, who, at times, give us an impression that they’re functioning just so to adhere to government policy, and not out of a genuine i
One of the Dzongkha newspaper editors said the standard of the language and the news quality was impressive for a starter. “They should maintain it,” he said.
A few, however, felt the need to standardise the spellings of names and places and objects, as it read different in different newspapers.
The weekly paper, comprising a team of five reporters and two editors – graduates from the institute of language and cultural studies and former monks – feeds on 4 pages of advertisements in Dzongkha, and also caters to English ads in its inserts.
“We started off two months ago, with an intention to emulate government’s policy of promoting and preserving the national language,” Chungdu Tshering said.
One of the Dzongkha newspaper editors said the standard of the language and the news quality was impressive for a starter. “They should maintain it,” he said.
A few, however, felt the need to standardise the spellings of names and places and objects, as it read different in different newspapers.
The weekly paper, comprising a team of five reporters and two editors – graduates from the institute of language and cultural studies and former monks – feeds on 4 pages of advertisements in Dzongkha, and also caters to English ads in its inserts.
“We started off two months ago, with an intention to emulate government’s policy of promoting and preserving the national language,” Chungdu Tshering said.